Organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

An organic light-emitting device including a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer, wherein the emission layer includes a host and a dopant, and wherein the organic light-emitting device satisfies predetermined conditions described in the specification.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No.10-2017-0007033, filed on Jan. 16, 2017, and Korean Patent ApplicationNo. 10-2018-0003976, filed on Jan. 11, 2018, in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office, and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C.§ 119, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entiretyby reference.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

The present disclosure relates to an organic light-emitting device.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emission devices thathave wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times,and excellent brightness, driving voltage, and response speedcharacteristics, and that produce full-color images.

A typical OLED includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layerdisposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layerincludes an emission layer. A hole transport region may be disposedbetween the anode and the emission layer, and an electron transportregion may be disposed between the emission layer and the cathode. Holesprovided from the anode may move toward the emission layer through thehole transport region, and electrons provided from the cathode may movetoward the emission layer through the electron transport region.Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layerto produce excitons. These excitons transit from an excited state to aground state, thereby generating light.

Various types of organic light emitting devices are known. However,there still remains a need in OLEDs having low driving voltage, highefficiency, high brightness, and long lifespan.

SUMMARY

Provided is an organic light-emitting device including a host and adopant satisfying predetermined conditions so as to have long lifespan.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may belearned by practice of the presented embodiments.

According to an aspect of an embodiment, an organic light-emittingdevice includes:

a first electrode;

a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the secondelectrode, wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer,

wherein the emission layer includes a host and a dopant,

1) the dopant includes a phosphorescent dopant, and

i) Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all satisfied;

ii) when Conditions 1 and 4 are satisfied and at least one of Conditions2 and 3 is not satisfied, Condition 5-1 is satisfied;

iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 are not satisfied andConditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-1 is satisfied; or

iv) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is not satisfied and atleast one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Conditions 5-1 and 6-1are both satisfied, or 2) the dopant includes a fluorescent dopant, and

i) Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all satisfied;

ii) when Conditions 1 and 4 are satisfied and at least one of Conditions2 and 3 is not satisfied, Condition 5-2 is satisfied;

iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is not satisfied andConditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-2 is satisfied; or

iv) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is not satisfied and atleast one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Conditions 5-2 and 6-2are both satisfied:

E* _(ox,dopant) ≥E _(red,host)   Condition 1

E* _(red,dopant) ≤E _(ox,host)   Condition 2

E _(ox,dopant) ≥E* _(red,host)   Condition 3

E _(red,dopant) ≤E* _(ox,host)   Condition 4

T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-1

T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-1

S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-2

S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-2

wherein, “E*_(ox,dopant)” represents an excited-state oxidationpotential (electron volts, eV) of the dopant,

“E*_(red,dopant)” represents an excited-state reduction potential (eV)of the dopant,

“E_(ox,dopant)” represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) ofthe dopant,

“E_(red,dopant)” represents a ground-state reduction potential (eV) ofthe dopant,

“E*_(red,host)” represents an excited-state reduction potential (eV) ofthe host,

“E*_(ox,host)” represents an excited-state oxidation potential (eV) ofthe host,

“E_(red,host)” represents a ground-state reduction potential (eV) of thehost,

“E_(ox,host)” represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) of thehost,

E*_(ox,dopant) is identical to E_(ox,dopant)−T1_(dopant),

E*_(red,dopant) is identical to E_(red,dopant)+T1_(dopant),

E*_(ox,host) is identical to E_(ox,host)−S1_(host),

E*_(red,host) is identical to E_(red,host)+S1_(host),

“T1_(dopant)” represents the lowest triplet energy level (eV) of thedopant,

“S1_(dopant)” represents the lowest singlet energy level (eV) of thedopant,

“S1_(host)” represents the lowest singlet energy level (eV) of the host,

E_(ox,dopant) and E_(ox,host) are measured by using cyclic voltammetry(CV),

E_(red,dopant) and E_(red,host) are measured by using differential pulsevoltammetry,

T1_(dopant) and S1_(dopant) are calculated from a photoluminescence (PL)spectrum of the dopant in solution, and

S1_(host) is calculated from a PL spectrum of the host in solution,

wherein “eV” denotes “electron volts”.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readilyappreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken inconjunction with the FIGURE which is a schematic cross-sectional view ofan organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of whichare illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like referencenumerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the presentembodiments may have different forms and should not be construed asbeing limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, theembodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, toexplain aspects of the present disclosure. As used herein, the term“and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of theassociated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” whenpreceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and donot modify the individual elements of the list.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on”another element, it can be directly in contact with the other element orintervening elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when anelement is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there areno intervening elements present.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third etc.may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions,layers, and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers,and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms areonly used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, orsection from another element, component, region, layer, or section.Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussedbelow could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, orsection without departing from the teachings of the present embodiments.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, thesingular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the pluralforms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The term “or” means “and/or.” It will be further understood that theterms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” or “includes” and/or “including”when used in this specification, specify the presence of statedfeatures, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements,components, and/or groups thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientificterms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by oneof ordinary skill in the art to which this general inventive conceptbelongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those definedin commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaningthat is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant artand the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealizedor overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to crosssection illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealizedembodiments. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations asa result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances,are to be expected. Thus, embodiments described herein should not beconstrued as limited to the particular shapes of regions as illustratedherein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example,from manufacturing. For example, a region illustrated or described asflat may, typically, have rough and/or nonlinear features. Moreover,sharp angles that are illustrated may be rounded. Thus, the regionsillustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes arenot intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region and are notintended to limit the scope of the present claims.

“About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the statedvalue and means within an acceptable range of deviation for theparticular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art,considering the measurement in question and the error associated withmeasurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of themeasurement system). For example, “about” can mean within one or morestandard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 10%, 5% of the stated value.

In an embodiment, an organic light-emitting device is provided. Theorganic light-emitting device may include:

a first electrode;

a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the secondelectrode,

wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer, and

wherein the emission layer may include a host and a dopant.

In an embodiment, the dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant. Insome embodiments, the dopant may be a phosphorescent dopant.

In the organic light-emitting device in which the dopant includes aphosphorescent dopant,

i) Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 may all be satisfied;

ii) when Conditions 1 and 4 may be satisfied and at least one ofConditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Condition 5-1 may be satisfied;

iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 may not be satisfied andConditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-1 may be satisfied; or

iv) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 may not be satisfied and atleast one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Conditions 5-1 and 6-1may both be satisfied.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant may include a fluorescent dopant.In some embodiments, the dopant may be a fluorescent dopant.

In the organic light-emitting device in which the dopant includes afluorescent dopant,

i) Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 may all be satisfied;

ii) when Conditions 1 and 4 may be satisfied and at least one ofConditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Condition 5-2 may be satisfied;

iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 may not be satisfied andConditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-2 may be satisfied; or

iv) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 may not be satisfied and atleast one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Conditions 5-2 and 6-2may both be satisfied.

E* _(ox,dopant) ≥E _(red,host)   Condition 1

E* _(red,dopant) ≤E _(ox,host)   Condition 2

E _(ox,dopant) ≥E* _(red,host)   Condition 3

E _(red,dopant) ≤E* _(ox,host)   Condition 4

T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-1

(for example, T1_(dopant)−0.3eV<|E_(red,host)−E_(ox,dopant)|<T1_(dopant+)0.3 eV)

T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-1

(for example, T1_(dopant)−0.3eV<|E_(red,dopant)−E_(ox,host)|<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV)

S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-2

(for example, S1_(dopant)−0.3eV<|E_(red,host)−E_(ox,dopant)|<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV)

S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-2

(for example, S1_(dopant)−0.3eV<|E_(red,dopant)−E_(ox,host)|<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV),

wherein “eV” denotes “electron volts”.

In Conditions 1 to 6-2, “E*_(ox,dopant)” represents an excited-stateoxidation potential (expressed in electron volts, eV) of the dopant,

“E*_(red,dopant)” represents an excited-state reduction potential (eV)of the dopant,

“E_(ox,dopant)” represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) ofthe dopant,

“E_(red,dopant)” represents a ground-state reduction potential (eV) ofthe dopant,

“E*_(red,host)” represents an excited-state reduction potential (eV) ofthe host,

“E_(ox,host)” represents an excited-state oxidation potential (eV) ofthe host,

“E_(red,host)” represents a ground-state reduction potential (eV) of thehost,

“E_(ox,host)” represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) of thehost,

E*_(ox,dopant) may be identical to E_(ox,dopant)−T1_(dopant),

E*_(red,dopant) may be identical to E_(red,dopant)+T1_(dopant),

E*_(ox,host) may be identical to E_(ox,host)−S1_(host),

E*_(red,host) may be identical to E_(red,host)+S1_(host),

“T1_(dopant)” represents the lowest triplet energy level (eV) of thedopant,

“S1_(dopant)” represents the lowest singlet energy level (eV) of thedopant,

“S1_(host)” represents the lowest singlet energy level (eV) of the host,

E_(ox,dopant) and E_(ox,host) may be measured by using cyclicvoltammetry (CV),

E_(red,dopant) and E_(red,host) may be measured by using differentialpulse voltammetry,

T1_(dopant) and S1_(dopant) may be calculated from a photoluminescence(PL) spectrum of the dopant in solution, and

S1_(host) may be calculated from a PL spectrum of the host in solution.

While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood that when theorganic light-emitting device satisfies Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4,reduction or oxidation of the host and/or the dopant in the emissionlayer through electron transfer may be substantially prevented, therebysubstantially preventing generation of radical species in the emissionlayer. Since the radical species may cause various side reactions in theemission layer, the lifespan of the organic light-emitting device may beshortened.

In some embodiments, 1) when the dopant of the organic light-emittingdevice includes a phosphorescent dopant and at least one of Conditions5-1 and 6-1 is satisfied in the organic light-emitting device; or 2)when the dopant of the organic light-emitting device includes afluorescent dopant and at least one of Conditions 5-2 and 6-2 issatisfied in the organic light-emitting device, i) a limited degree ofreduction or oxidation of the host and/or the dopant in the emissionlayer through electron transfer may occur, and ii) even when thereduction or oxidation of the host and/or the dopant in the emissionlayer through electron transfer occurs, back electron transfer mayrapidly occur, which may facilitate rapid restoration of the host and/orthe dopant to their/its original state before the reduction oroxidation. Accordingly, the reduction or oxidation of the host and/orthe dopant in the emission layer through electron transfer may besubstantially prevented and/or limited, thereby substantially preventingand/or limiting generation of radical species in the emission layer.Furthermore, re-excitation of the dopant may also be promoted.

While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood that when theorganic light-emitting device satisfies the aforementioned conditions,generation of radical species in the emission layer may be substantiallyprevented and/or minimized, and thus, exciton quenching in the emissionlayer of the organic light-emitting device and electrochemicaldegradation and/or photochemical degradation of the host and the dopantin the emission layer may be substantially prevented and/or minimized.Therefore, the organic light-emitting device may have improved lifespan.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant of the organic light-emittingdevice may include a phosphorescent dopant, and in the organiclight-emitting device, at least one of Conditions 5-1 and 6-1 may besatisfied.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant of the organic light-emittingdevice may include a fluorescent dopant, and in the organiclight-emitting device, at least one of Conditions 5-2 and 6-2 may besatisfied.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant of the organic light-emittingdevice may include a phosphorescent dopant, and in the organiclight-emitting device, Conditions 1 and 3 may not be satisfied, andConditions 2, 4, 5-1, and 6-1 may be satisfied.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant of the organic light-emittingdevice may include a phosphorescent dopant, and in the organiclight-emitting device, Conditions 3 and 6-1 may not be satisfied, andConditions 1, 2, 4, and 5-1 may be satisfied.

i) The host may include (e.g., consist of) at least one donor compound,ii) the host may include (e.g., consist of) at least one acceptorcompound, or iii) the host may include (e.g., consist of) a combinationof at least one donor compound and at least one acceptor compound. Whenthe host includes at least one donor compound and at least one acceptorcompound, the donor compound and the acceptor compound may form anexciplex.

The donor compound may include at least one selected from acarbazole-including ring, a dibenzofuran-including ring, adibenzothiophene-including ring, an indenocarbazole-including ring, anindolocarbazole-including ring, a benzofurocarbazole-including ring, abenzothienocarbazole-including ring, an acridine-including ring, adihydroacridine-including ring, and a tri-indolobenzene-including ring,and

the acceptor compound may include at least one selected from acarbazole-including ring, a dibenzofuran-including ring, adibenzothiophene-including ring, an indenocarbazole-including ring, anindolocarbazole-including ring, a benzofurocarbazole-including ring, abenzothienocarbazole-including ring, a pyridine-including ring, apyrimidine-including ring, and a triazine-including ring.

In some embodiments, the acceptor compound may include at least oneelectron withdrawing group,

wherein the electron withdrawing group may be selected from:

—F, —CFH₂, —CF₂H, —CF₃, —CN, and —NO₂;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group substituted with at least one selected from —F,—CFH₂, —CF₂H, —CF₃, —CN, and —NO_(2;)

a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic heterocyclic group, each including *=N—*′ as a ring-formingmoiety; and

a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic heterocyclic group, each including *=N—*′ as a ring-formingmoiety and each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium,—F, —CFH₂, —CF₂H, —CF₃, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In an embodiment, the donor compound may be selected from compoundsrepresented by Formula D-1, and

-   -   the acceptor compound may be selected from compounds represented        by Formulae A-1 and A-2:

wherein, in Formulae D-1, A-1, A-2, and 11 to 14,

Ar₁ may be groups represented by Formulae 11 and 12,

Ar₂ may be selected from:

groups represented by Formulae 11 and 12, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, and a benzimidazolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a benzimidazolyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, a hydroxyl group,an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group,a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or asalt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group,

Ar₁₁ and Ar₁₂ may each independently be selected from groups representedby Formulae 13 and 14,

X₁ may be N or C(T₁₄), X₂ may be N or C(T₁₅), and X₃ may be N or C(T₁₆),provided that at least one of X₁ to X₃ is N,

L₁ may be selected from:

a single bond, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylenegroup, a carbazolylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, and adibenzothiophenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, acarbazolylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, and adibenzothiophenylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),

L₁₁ to L₁₃ may each independently be selected from:

a single bond, a phenylene group, a pyridinylene group, a pyrimidinylenegroup, a pyrazinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylenegroup, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a carbazolylene group,a dibenzofuranylene group, and a dibenzothiophenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pyridinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, anaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a carbazolylene group, adibenzofuranylene group, and a dibenzothiophenylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a cyano group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),

a1 and a11 to a13 may each independently be an integer selected from 0to 5; when a1 is 2 or greater, at least two L₁ groups may be identicalto or different from each other; when a11 is 2 or greater, at least twoL₁₁ groups may be identical to or different from each other; when a12 is2 or greater, at least two L₁₂ groups may be identical to or differentfrom each other; and when a13 is 2 or greater, at least two L₁₃ groupsmay be identical to or different from each other,

CY₁ to CY₄ may each independently be selected from a benzene group, anaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a carbazole group, a benzocarbazolegroup, an indolocarbazole group, a dibenzofuran group, and adibenzothiophene group,

A₁ may be selected from

a single bond, a C₁-C₄ alkylene group, and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group; and

a C₁-C₄ alkylene group and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),

A₂ may be selected from:

a single bond, a C₁-C₄ alkylene group, and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group; and

a C₁-C₄ alkylene group and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),

R₁, R₁₀, and R₂₀ may each independently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an amidino group,a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group,a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group,a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, a hydroxyl group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group; and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

T₁₁ to T₁₆, R₂, R₃₀, and R₄₀ may each independently be selected fromhydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group(CN), a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

b1 to b4 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 10, and

at least one substituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substitutedC₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substitutedC₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

-   -   wherein Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may        each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a        C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C3-C₁₀ cycloalkyl        group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl        group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a        C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed        polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed        heteropolycyclic group.

In some embodiments, in Formula D-1, Ar₁ may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 11-1 to 11-8 and 12-1 to 12-8, in Formula D-1,Ar₂ may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 11-1 to 11-8 and12-1 to 12-8, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a benzimidazolylgroup substituted with a phenyl group, and

in Formula A-1, Ar₁₁ and Ar₁₂ may each independently be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 13-1 to 13-8 and 14-1 to 14-8:

wherein, in Formulae 11-1 to 11-8, 12-1 to 12-8, 13-1 to 13-8, and 14-1to 14-8,

X₁₁ and X₁₃ may each independently be C(R₁₇)(R₁₈), N(R₁₉), O, or S,

X₁₂ and X₁₄ may each independently be C(R₃₇)(R₃₈), N(R₃₉), O, or S,

R₁, R₂, A₁, and A₂ may be the same as those defined herein,

R₁₁ to R₁₉ may be the same as described herein with reference to R₁₀,

R₂₁ to R₂₄ may be the same as described herein with reference to R₂₀,

R₃₁ to R₃₉ may be the same as described herein with reference to R₃₀,

R₄₁ to R₄₄ may be the same as described herein with reference to R₄₀,and

* indicates a binding site to an adjacent atom.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 11, 12, 11-1 to 11-8, and 12-1 to 12-8,A₁ may be selected from:

a single bond, a C₁-C₂ alkylene group, and a C₂ alkenylene group; and

a C₁-C₂ alkylene group and a C₂ alkenylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and—Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),

in Formulae 13, 14, 13-1 to 13-8, and 14-1 to 14-8, A2 may be selectedfrom:

a single bond, a C₁-C₂ alkylene group, and a C₂ alkenylene group; and

a C₁-C₂ alkylene group and a C₂ alkenylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃), and

in Formulae 13, 14, 13-1 to 13-8, and 14-1 to 14-8, R₂, R₃₀ to R₃₉, andR₄₀ to R₄₄ may each independently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

wherein Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₂₁ to Q₂₃ may each independently be selected fromhydrogen, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group,and a naphthyl group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, in Formula D-1, Ar₁ may be selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 15-1 to 15-17 and 16-1 to 16-8,

in Formula D-1, Ar₂ may be selected from groups represented by Formulae15-1 to 15-17 and 16-1 to 16-8, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and animidazolyl group substituted with a phenyl group, and

in Formula A-1, Ar₁₁ and Ar₁₂ may each independently be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 17-1 to 17-3, but embodiments are notlimited thereto:

wherein, in Formulae 15-1 to 15-17, 16-1 to 16-18, and 17-1 to 17-3,

X₁₁ and X₁₃ may each independently be C(R₁₇)(R₁₈), N(R₁₉), O, or S,

R′ and R″ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

R₁, R₁₀, R₂₀, R₃₀, and R₄₀ may be the same as those described herein,and

R_(10a) to R_(10c) may be the same as described herein with reference toR₁₀.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 15-1 to 15-17, 16-1 to 16-18, and 17-1to 17-3,

R₁, R₁₀, R_(10a) to R_(10c), and R₂₀ may each independently be selectedfrom hydrogen, deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),and

R₃₀ and R₄₀ may each independently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, aphenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group; and

—-Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

wherein Q₁ to Q₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and anaphthyl group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments,

i) the donor compound may be represented by Formula D-1 in which L₁ is asingle bond; or

ii) the donor compound may be selected from compounds represented byFormulae D-1 (1) to D-1(52):

wherein, in Formulae D-1(1) to D-1(52),

Ar₁ and Ar₂ may be the same as those described herein,

Y₅₁ may be C(X₅₃)(X₅₄), N(X₅₅), O, or S, and

X₅₁ to X₅₆ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),

wherein Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and anaphthyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formulae D-1(1) to D-1(52),

A_(r) may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 11 and 12, and

Ar₂ may be selected from:

groups represented by Formulae 11 and 12, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, and a benzimidazolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a benzimidazolyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, a hydroxyl group,an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group,a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or asalt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae D-1(1) to D-1(52),

Ar₁ may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 11-1 to 11-8 and12-1 to 12-8,

Ar2 may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 11-1 to 11-8 and12-1 to 12-8, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a benzimidazolylgroup substituted with a phenyl group, but embodiments are not limitedthereto.

In Formulae A-1 and A-2, L₁₁ to L₁₃ may each independently be selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-56, and i) at least one L₁₁in the number of a11, ii) at least one L₁₂ in the number of a12, andiii) at least one L₁₃ in the number of a13 may each independently beselected from groups represented by Formulae 3-15 to 3-56:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-56,

Y₁ may be selected from O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), and N(X₅),

Z₁ to X₅ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, aphenyl group substituted with a cyano group, a naphthyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),

wherein Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, and

d4 may be an integer selected from 0 to 4,

d3 may be an integer selected from 0 to 3,

d2 may be an integer selected from 0 to 2, and

*and*′ each indicate a binding site to an adjacent atom.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae A-1 and A-2, groups representedby *-(L₁₁)_(a11)-*′, *-(L₁₂)_(a12)-*′, and *-(L₁₃)_(a13)-*′ may beselected from groups represented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-39:

wherein, in Formulae 4-1 to 4-39,

X₂₁ may be N or C(Z₂₁), X₂₂ may be N or C(Z₂₂), X₂₃ may be N or C(Z₂₃),X₂₄ may be N or C(Z₂₄), X₃₁ may be N or C(Z₃₁), X₃₂ may be N or C(Z₃₂),X₃₃ may be N or C(Z₃₃), X₃₄ may be N or C(Z₃₄), X₄₁ may be N or C(Z₄₁),X₄₂ may be N or C(Z₄₂), X₄₃ may be N or C(Z₄₃), and X₄₄ may be N orC(Z₄₄), provided that at least one of X₂₁ to X₂₄ is not N, at least oneof X₃₁ to X₃₄ is not N, and at least one of X₄₁ to X₄₄ is not N,

Z₂₁ to Z_(24,) Z₃₁ to Z₃₄, and Z₄₁ to Z₄₄ may each independently beselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,—CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with acyano group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),

wherein Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, and

*and*′ each indicate a binding site to an adjacent atom.

In Formula A-2, T₁₁ to T₁₆ may each independently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂;

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, afluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group; and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

wherein Q₁ to Q₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group.

In some embodiments, in Formula A-2, T₁₁ to T₁₆ may each independentlybe selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂;

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, a cyano group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and—CFH₂;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group;

a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxygroup, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃),

wherein Q₁ to Q₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group.

In one or more embodiments,

i) the acceptor compound may be represented by Formula A-, in which Ar₁₁and Ar₁₂ are each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 17-1 to 17-3, and at least one of Ar₁₁ and Ar12 is selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 17-2 and 17-3;

ii) the acceptor compound may be represented by Formula A-1 in which L₁₁is selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-15 and 3-28, and atleast one L₁₁ in the number of a11 is selected from groups representedby Formulae 6-1 to 6-4; or

iii) the acceptor compound may be represented by Formula A-2 in which X₁to X₃ are each N, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the donor compound may be selected from CompoundsD1 to D17, and the acceptor compound may be selected from Compounds A1to A11, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The dopant in the emission layer may include a phosphorescent dopant.

The phosphorescent dopant may be any suitable dopant capable of emittinglight in accordance with a phosphorescent emission mechanism.

The phosphorescent dopant may be selected from a red phosphorescentdopant, a green phosphorescent dopant, and a blue phosphorescent dopant.

In an embodiment, the phosphorescent dopant may be a greenphosphorescent dopant or a blue phosphorescent dopant, but embodimentsare not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may include anorganometallic compound represented by Formula 81:

wherein, in Formulae 81 and 81A,

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os),titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium(Tb), thulium (Tm), and rhodium (Rh),

L₈₁ may be a ligand represented by Formula 81A, n81 may be an integerfrom 1 to 3; when n81 is 2 or greater, at least two L₈₁ groups may beidentical to or different from each other,

L₈₂ may be an organic ligand, n82 may be an integer from 0 to 4; whenn82 is 2 or greater, at least two L₈₂ groups may be identical to ordifferent from each other,

Y₈₁ to Y₈₄ may each independently be C or N,

Y₈₁ and Y₈₂ may be bound via a single bond or a double bond, Y₈₃ and Y₈₄may be bound via a single bond or a double bond,

CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ may each independently be selected from a C₅-C₃₀carbocyclic group and a C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group,

CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ may optionally and additionally be bound via an organiclinking group,

R₈₁ to R₈₅ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, —SF₅, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₈₁)(Q₈₂)(Q₈₃), —N(Q₈₄)(Q₈₅), —B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇), and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉),

a81 to a83 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

when a81 is 2 or greater, at least two R₈₁ groups may be identical to ordifferent from each other,

when a82 is 2 or greater, at least two R₈₂ groups may be identical to ordifferent from each other,

when a81 is 2 or greater, R₈₁ groups that are adjacent to each other mayoptionally be bound to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,

when a82 is 2 or greater, R₈₂ groups that are adjacent to each other mayoptionally be bound to form a saturated or unsaturated ring,

in Formula 81A, *and*′ each indicate a binding site to M in Formula 81,and at least one substituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group,substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxygroup, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, substituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group may be selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₉₁)(Q₉₂)(Q₉₃),

wherein Q₈₁ to Q₈₉ and Q₉₁ to Q₉₃ may each independently be selectedfrom hydrogen, deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group.

In an embodiment, in Formula 81A,

a83 may be 1 or 2, and

R₈₃ to R₈₅ may each independently be selected from:

—CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃,—CHDCD₂H, —CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, and —CD₂CDH₂; ann-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group; and an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group,an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butylgroup, an n-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, atert-pentyl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, and a phenyl group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A,

Y₈₁ may be N, Y₈₂ and Y₈₃ may each be C, Y₈₄ may be N or C, and

CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ may each independently be selected from a cyclopentadienegroup, a benzene group, a heptalene group, an indene group, anaphthalene group, an azulene group, an indacene group, anacenaphthylene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentacene group, a hexacenegroup, a pentaphene group, a rubicene group, a coronene group, anovalene group, a pyrrole group, an isoindole group, an indole group, anindazole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group,an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazolegroup, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, a purine group, afuran group, a thiophene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, aquinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, aniso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, an imidazopyridinegroup, an imidazopyrimidine group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene sulfone group, a carbazolegroup, a dibenzosilole group, a 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole group, and a2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazopyrazine group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, Y₈₁ may be N, Y₈₂ to Y₈₄ mayeach be C, CY₈₁ may be selected from 5-membered rings including two Natoms as ring-forming atoms, and CY₈₂ may be selected from a benzenegroup, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a dibenzofuran group, anda dibenzothiophene group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, Y₈₁ may be N, Y₈₂ to Y₈₄ mayeach be C, CY₈₁ may be an imidazole group or a 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazolegroup, and CY₈₂ may be selected from a benzene group, a naphthalenegroup a fluorene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A,

Y₈₁ may be N, Y₈₂ to Y₈₄ may each be C,

CY₈₁ may be selected from a pyrrole group, a pyrazole group, animidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group,an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, athiadiazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a quinolinegroup, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazinegroup, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group,a cinnoline group, a benzimidazole group, an iso-benzothiazole group, abenzoxazole group, and an isobenzoxazole group, and

CY₈₂ may be selected from a cyclopentadiene group, a benzene group, anaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a benzofluorene group, adibenzofluorene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a perylene group,a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, adibenzocarbazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group,a dibenzothiophene sulfone group, a carbazole group, and a dibenzosilolegroup.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, Y₈₁, Y₈₃, and Y₈₄ may eachbe C, Y₈₂ may be N, CY₈₁ may be selected from a) a condensed ring inwhich i) a 5-membered ring including at least one N as a ring-formingatom may be condensed with ii) a 6-membered ring selected from a benzenegroup, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, and apyridazine group; and b) a 5-membered ring including at least one N as aring-forming atom, and CY₈₂ may be selected from a benzene group, anaphthalene group, a fluorene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, aquinoline group, and an isoquinoline group, but embodiments are notlimited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A,

R₈₁ and R₈₂ may each independently be selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,—SF₅, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂,—CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinylgroup, and a pyrimidinyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,—CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, anadamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

—B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇) and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉),

wherein Q₈₆ to Q₈₉ may each independently be selected from:

—CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃,—CHDCD₂H, —CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, and —CD₂CDH₂;

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group; and

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a phenyl group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, R₈₁ and R₈₂ may eachindependently be selected from

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a nitro group, —SF₅, a methylgroup, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, ann-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butylgroup, an n-pentyl group, an isopentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, atert-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexylgroup, a tert-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, asec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, an n-octyl group, an iso-octylgroup, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, an n-nonyl group, aniso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, an n-decylgroup, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, amethoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, apentoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and adibenzofuranyl group;

a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group,an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butylgroup, an n-pentyl group, an isopentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, atert-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexylgroup, a tert-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, asec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, an n-octyl group, an iso-octylgroup, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, an n-nonyl group, aniso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, an n-decylgroup, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, amethoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, apentoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and adibenzofuranyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a cyano group, anitro group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentylgroup, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, anadamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, and a dibenzofuranyl group; and

—B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇) and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉),

wherein Q₈₆ to Q₈₉ may each independently be selected from:

—CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃,—CHDCD₂H, —CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, and —CD₂CDH₂;

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group; and

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a phenyl group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, at least one R₈₁ in thenumber of a81, at least one R₈₂ in the number of a82, or any combinationthereof may be a cyano group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, Y₈₁ may be N; Y₈₂ to Y₈₄ mayeach be C; CY₈₁ may be an imidazole group or a 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazolegroup; CY₈₂ may be selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, afluorene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group; andat least one R₈₁ in the number of a81, at least one R₈₂ in the number ofa82, or any combination thereof may be a cyano group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, at least one R₈₂ in thenumber of a 82 may be a cyano group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, at least one R₈₁ in thenumber of a81, at least one R₈₂ in the number of a82, or any combinationthereof may be deuterium.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A, CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ mayadditionally be bound via an organic linking group. Examples of theorganic linking group may include a C₂-C₅ alkylene group, a C₂-C₅alkenylene group,

a C₂-C₅ alkylene group substituted with at least one R_(81a), a C₂-C₅alkenylene group substituted with at least one R_(81a), and

substituted with at least one R_(81a), but embodiments are not limitedthereto. R_(81a) may be the same as described herein with reference toR₈₁.

In some embodiments, in Formula 81, L₈₁ may be selected from ligandsrepresented by Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8, but embodiments are not limitedthereto:

wherein in Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8,

CY₈₂, R₈₂, a82, *, and *′ may be the same as those described herein, and

R_(81a), R_(81b), and R_(81c) may each be the same as described hereinwith reference to R₈₁.

In some embodiments, in Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8, at least one ofR_(81a), R_(81b), R₈₁c, and R₈₂ in the number of a82 may each be a cyanogroup, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81, L₈₂ may be selected fromligands represented by Formulae 3-1(1) to 3-1(60), 3-1(61) to 3-1(69),3-1(71) to 3-1(79), 3-1(81) to 3-1(88), 3-1(91) to 3-1(98), and 3-1(101)to 3-1(114):

wherein, in Formulae 3-1(1) to 3-1(60), 3-1(61) to 3-1(69), 3-1(71) to3-1(79), 3-1(81) to 3-1(88), 3-1(91) to 3-1(98), and 3-1(101) to3-1(114),

X₁ may be O, S, C(Z₂₁)(Z₂₂), or N(Z₂₃),

X₃₁ may be N or C(Z_(1a)), X₃₂ may be N or C(Z_(1b)),

X₄₁ may be O, S, N(Zia), or C(Z_(1a))(Z_(1b)),

Z₁ to Z₄, Z_(1a), Z_(1b), Z_(1c), Z_(1d), Z_(2a), Z_(2b), Z_(2c),Z_(2d), Z₁₁ to Z₁₄, and Z₂₁ to Z₂₃ may each independently be selectedfrom

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,—SF₅, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂,—CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinylgroup, and a pyrimidinyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, anorbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, acycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,—CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, anadamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

—B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇) and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉),

wherein Q₈₆ to Q₈₉ may each independently be selected from

—CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃,—CHDCD₂H, —CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, and —CD₂CDH₂;

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group; and

an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butylgroup, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, aniso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenylgroup, and a naphthyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a phenyl group,

d2 and e2 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4,

e3 may be an integer selected from 0 to 3,

d4 and e4 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4,

d6 and e6 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 6,

d8 and e8 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 8, and

*and*′ each indicate a binding site to M in Formula 1.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81, M may be Ir, and a sum of n81and n82 may be 3. In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81, M may bePt, and a sum of n81 and n82 may be 2.

In one or more embodiments, the organometallic compound represented byFormula 81 may be neutral, and may not include ion pairs of cations andanions.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 81A,

Y₈₁ may be N,

Y₈₂ to Y₈₄ may each be N,

CY₈₁ may be an imidazole group, and

CY₈₂ may be a benzene group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae 81 and 81A,

M may be Ir,

n81 may be 2 or 3,

a81 and a82 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

a83 may be 0,

R₈₁ may be selected from

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a phenyl group; and

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a phenyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from deuterium and a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and

at least one R₈₂ in the number of a82 may be a cyano group, butembodiments are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, the dopant in the emission layer may includeat least one selected from Compounds PD1 to PD83 and PD85 to PD116, butembodiments are not limited thereto:

The amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be, in general, in arange of about 0.01 parts to about 20 parts by weight based on 100 partsby weight of the emission layer, but embodiments are not limitedthereto. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood thatwhen the amount of the dopant is within this range, light emissionwithout quenching may be realized.

The FIGURE illustrates a schematic view of an organic light-emittingdevice 10 according to an embodiment. Hereinafter, a structure of anorganic light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments and amethod of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device will bedescribed with reference to the FIGURE. The organic light-emittingdevice 10 may include a first electrode 11, an organic layer 15, and asecond electrode 19, which may be sequentially layered in this statedorder.

A substrate may be additionally disposed under the first electrode 11 oron the second electrode 19. The substrate may be a conventionalsubstrate used in organic light-emitting devices, e.g., a glasssubstrate or a transparent plastic substrate, each having excellentmechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surfacesmoothness, ease of handling, and water repellency.

The first electrode 11 may be formed by vacuum-depositing or sputtering,onto the substrate, a material for forming the first electrode 11. Thefirst electrode 11 may be an anode. The material for forming the firstelectrode 11 may be selected from materials with a high work functionfor easy hole injection. The first electrode 11 may be a reflectiveelectrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode.The material for forming the first electrode 11 may be selected fromindium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), andzinc oxide (ZnO). In some embodiments, the material for forming thefirst electrode 11 may be a metal, such as magnesium (Mg), aluminum(Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In),or magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag).

The first electrode 11 may have a single-layered structure or amulti-layered structure including a plurality of layers. In someembodiments, the first electrode 11 may have a triple-layered structureof ITO/Ag/ITO, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

The organic layer 15 may be on the first electrode 11.

The organic layer 15 may include a hole transport region, an emissionlayer, and an electron transport region.

The hole transport region may be disposed between the first electrode 11and the emission layer.

The hole transport region may include at least one selected from a holeinjection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, anda buffer layer.

The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer only or ahole transport layer only. In some embodiments, the hole transportregion may include a hole injection layer and a hole transport layerwhich are sequentially stacked on the first electrode 11. In someembodiments, the hole transport region may include a hole injectionlayer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer, which aresequentially stacked on the first electrode 11.

When the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, the holeinjection layer may be formed on the first electrode 11 by using one ormore suitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting,and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition.

When a hole injection layer is formed by vacuum deposition, for example,the vacuum deposition may be performed at a deposition temperature in arange of about 100° C. to about 500° C., at a vacuum pressure in a rangeof about 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr, and at a deposition rate in arange of about 0.01 Angstroms per second (Å/sec) to about 100 Å/sec,though the conditions may vary depending on a compound that is used as ahole injection material and a structure and thermal properties of adesired hole injection layer, but conditions for the vacuum depositionare not limited thereto.

When a hole injection layer is formed by spin coating, the spin coatingmay be performed at a coating rate in a range of about 2,000 revolutionsper minute (rpm) to about 5,000 rpm, and at a temperature in a range ofabout 80° C. to 200° C., to facilitate removal of a solvent after thespin coating, though the conditions may vary depending on a compoundthat is used as a hole injection material and a structure and thermalproperties of a desired hole injection layer, but conditions for thespin coating are not limited thereto.

The conditions for forming a hole transport layer and an electronblocking layer may be inferred from the conditions for forming the holeinjection layer.

The hole transport region may include at least one selected fromm-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB, β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB,methylated-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine(TCTA), polyaniline/dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PAN I/CSA),(polyaniline)/poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compoundrepresented by Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202:

wherein, in Formula 201, Ar₁₀₁ and Ar₁₀₂ may each independently beselected from

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anacenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, and a pentacenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anacenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, and a pentacenylene group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group.

In Formula 201, xa and xb may each independently be an integer from 0 to5. In some embodiments, xa and xb may each independently be an integerof 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, xa may be 1, and xb may be 0, butembodiments are not limited thereto.

In Formulae 201 and 202, R₁₀₁₁ to R₁₀₈, R₁₁₁ to R₁₁₉, and R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄may each independently be selected from

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propylgroup, a butyl group, pentyl group, or a hexyl group), and a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, abutoxy group, or a pentoxy group);

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, and a pyrenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, and a pyrenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, but embodiments are notlimited thereto.

In Formula 201, R₁₀₉ may be selected from

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a pyridinylgroup; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a pyridinylgroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, and a pyridinyl group.

In some embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 201 may berepresented by Formula 201A, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

wherein, R₁₀₁, R₁₁₁, R₁₁₂, and R₁₀₉ in Formula 201A may be the same asthose described above.

In some embodiments, the compounds represented by Formulae 201 and 202may include Compounds HT1 to HT20, but embodiments are not limitedthereto:

The thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about100 Angstroms (Å) to about 10,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 100Å to about 1,000 Å. When the hole transport region includes at least oneselected from a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, thethickness of the hole injection layer may be in a range of about 100 Åto about 10,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 100 Å to about 1,000Å, and the thickness of the hole transport layer may be in a range ofabout 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 100 Å toabout 1,500 Å. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understoodthat when the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the holeinjection layer, and the hole transport layer are within any of theseranges, excellent hole transport characteristics may be obtained withouta substantial increase in driving voltage.

The hole transport region may include a charge generating material aswell as the aforementioned materials, to improve conductive propertiesof the hole transport region. The charge generating material may besubstantially homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the holetransport region.

The charge generating material may include, for example, a p-dopant. Thep-dopant may include one of a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and acompound containing a cyano group, but embodiments are not limitedthereto. For example, non-limiting examples of the p-dopant include aquinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinod i methane (TCNQ) or2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4-TCNQ); ametal oxide, such as a tungsten oxide or a molybdenum oxide; and acompound containing a cyano group, such as Compound HT-D1 or CompoundHP-1, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The hole transport region may further include a buffer layer.

The buffer layer may compensate for an optical resonance distancedepending on a wavelength of light emitted from the emission layer, toimprove the efficiency of an organic light-emitting device.

The hole transport region may further include an electron blockinglayer. The electron blocking layer may include any suitable knownmaterial, e.g., mCP, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

In some embodiments, a donor compound included in the emission layer maybe used as a material for forming the electron blocking layer.

An emission layer may be formed on the hole transport region by usingone or more suitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating,casting, or LB deposition. When the emission layer is formed by vacuumdeposition or spin coating, vacuum deposition and coating conditions forforming the emission layer may be generally similar to the thoseconditions for forming a hole injection layer, though the conditions mayvary depending on a compound that is used.

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer. Insome embodiments, the emission layer may have a structure in which thered emission layer, the green emission layer, and/or the blue emissionlayer are layered to emit white light. In some embodiments, thestructure of the emission layer may vary.

The emission layer may include a host and a dopant which may satisfy theabove-described conditions.

In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may consist of a host anda dopant which may satisfy the above-described conditions.

The thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 Å toabout 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 200 Å to about 600 Å.While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood that when thethickness of the emission layer is within any of these ranges, improvedluminous characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increasein driving voltage.

Next, an electron transport region may be formed on the emission layer.

The electron transport region may include at least one selected from ahole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electroninjection layer.

In some embodiments, the electron transport region may have a holeblocking layer/an electron transport layer/an electron injection layerstructure or an electron transport layer/an electron injection layerstructure, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The electrontransport layer may have a single-layered structure or a multi-layeredstructure including two or more different materials.

The conditions for forming a hole blocking layer, an electron transportlayer, and an electron injection layer may be inferred based on theconditions for forming the hole injection layer.

When the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, thehole blocking layer, for example, may include at least one of BCP andBphen, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

In some embodiments, the acceptor compound used in the emission layermay be used as a material for forming the hole blocking layer.

The thickness of the hole blocking layer may be in a range of about 20 Åto about 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 30 Å to about 300 Å.While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood that when thethickness of the hole blocking layer is within these ranges, excellenthole blocking characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The electron transport layer may further include at least one selectedfrom BCP, BPhen, Alq₃, BAlq, TAZ, and NTAZ:

In some embodiments, an electron transport material in the electrontransport layer may include a compound represented by Formula 40 or acompound represented by Formula 41:

wherein, in Formulae 40 and 41,

L₄₁ and L₄₂ may each independently be selected from

a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a divalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group; and

a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a divalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group,

a41 and a42 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5,

Ar₄₁ and Ar₄₂ may each independently be selected from

a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group; and

a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group, and

R₄₁ and R₄₂ may each independently be selected from

a benzimidazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, abenzopyrimidinyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group,a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a fluorenyl group, and aphenanthrenyl group; and

a benzimidazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, abenzopyrimidinyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group,a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a fluorenyl group, and aphenanthrenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, 'F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a benzimidazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzopyrimidinyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, and a phenanthrenyl group.

In Formulae 40 and 41, L₄₁ and L₄₂ may be the same as described hereinwith reference to L₁₁.

In some embodiments, an electron transport material in the electrontransport layer may include a compound represented by Formula 42:

wherein, in Formula 42,

T₁ may be N or C(R₂₀₁), T₂ may be N or C(R₂₀₂), T₃ may be N or C(R₂₀₃),provided that at least one of T₁ to T₃ is N,

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₃ may each independently be selected from

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;and

a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group, and

Ar₂₀₁ to Ar₂₀₃ may each independently be selected from

a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a divalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group; and

a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a divalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group,

p, q, and r may each independently be 0, 1, or 2, and

Ar₂₁₁ and Ar₂₁₃ may each independently be selected from

a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group; and

a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group.

In an embodiment, in Formula 42, at least two of T₁ to T₃ may be N.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 42, T₁ to T₃ may each be N.

In Formula 42, Ar₂₀₁ to Ar₂₀₃ may each independently be selected from

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, an anthrylene group, apyrenylene group, a fluorenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, apyridinylene group, and a pyrimidinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, an anthrylene group, apyrenylene group, a fluorenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, apyridinylene group, and a pyrimidinylene group, each substituted with atleast one selected from a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthrylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyridinyl group, and a pyrimidinyl group, but embodiments are notlimited thereto.

In Formula 42, p, q, and r may each independently be 0, 1, or 2. In someembodiments, in Formula 42, p, q, and r may each independently be 0 or1, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In Formula 42, Ar211 to Ar₂₁₃ may each independently be selected from aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, afluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzopyrimidinyl group, animidazopyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, afluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzopyrimidinyl group, animidazopyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, and atriazinyl group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, in Formula 42, at least one selected from Ar₂₁₁ toAr₂₁₃ may each independently be selected from

a benzimidazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, abenzopyrimidinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a benzimidazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, abenzopyrimidinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, and a triazinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, and a triazinyl group, but embodiments arenot limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 20A, at least one selected fromAr₂₁₁ to Ar₂₁₃ may be a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenylgroup.

In some embodiments, the electron transport layer may include at leastone selected from Compounds ET1 to ET17, but embodiments are not limitedthereto:

The thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of about100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and in some embodiments, about 150 Å to about500 Å. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is understood thatwhen the thickness of the electron transport layer is within any ofthese ranges, excellent electron transport characteristics may beobtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The electron transport layer may further include a material containingmetal, in addition to the materials described above.

The material containing metal may include a lithium (Li) complex. The Licomplex may include, e.g., Compound ET-D1 (lithium 8-hydroxyquinolate,LiQ) or Compound ET-D2:

The electron transport region may include an electron injection layerthat facilitates electron injection from the second electrode 19.

The electron injection layer may include at least one selected from LiF,NaCl, CsF, Li₂O, and BaO.

The thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of about1 Å to about 100 Å, for example, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. While notwishing to be bound by theory, it is understood that when the thicknessof the electron injection layer is within any of these ranges, excellentelectron injection characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The second electrode 19 may be formed on the organic layer 15. Thesecond electrode 19 may be a cathode. A material for forming the secondelectrode 19 may be a material with a relatively low work function, suchas a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixturethereof. Examples of the material for forming the second electrode 19may include lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al),aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), andmagnesium-silver (Mg—Ag). In some embodiments, ITO or IZO may be used toform a transmissive second electrode 19 to manufacture a top emissionlight-emitting device. In some embodiments, the material for forming thesecond electrode 19 may vary.

Hereinbefore, the organic light-emitting device 10 has been describedwith reference to the FIGURE, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group” as used herein refers to a linear orbranched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, apropyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group,a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, and a hexyl group. The term “C₁-C₆₀alkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingsubstantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup represented by −OA₁₀₁ (wherein A₁₀₁ is a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group).Examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and aniso-propyloxy group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group” as used herein refers to a group formedby including at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or atthe terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include anethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀alkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingsubstantially the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group” as used herein refers to a group formedby including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or atthe terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include anethynyl group and a propynyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylene group”as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the samestructure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentmonocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group including 3 to 10 carbon atoms.Examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. The term“C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to asaturated monovalent monocyclic group including at least one heteroatomselected from N, O, P, Si, and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a tetrahydrofuranyl group and atetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group”as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the samestructure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic hydrocarbon group including 3 to 10 carbon atomsand at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring, wherein themolecular structure as a whole is non-aromatic. Examples thereof includea cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group.The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group” as used herein refers to adivalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group including at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, P, Si and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, andat least one double bond in its ring. Examples of the C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group include a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group and a2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group”as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the samestructure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Theterm “C₆-C₆₀ arylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.Examples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, anda chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and a C₆-C₆₀ arylene groupeach include at least two rings, the at least two rings may be fused.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup having a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least oneheteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si and S as a ring-forming atom and 1to 60 carbon atoms. The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group” as used hereinrefers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system havingat least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si and S as aring-forming atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms. Examples of the C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, and an isoquinolinyl group. When the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group andthe C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group each include at least two rings, the atleast two rings may be fused.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group” as used herein refers to a grouprepresented by —OA₁₀₂ (where A₁₀₂ is a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and the term“C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group” as used herein indicates -A₁₀₄A₁₀₅ (whereinA₁₀₅ is the C₆-C₅₉ aryl group and A₁₀₄ is the C₁-C₅₃ alkylene group).The term “C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group” as used herein refers to a grouprepresented by —SA₁₀₃ (where A₁₀₃ is a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group” as used herein refers to —OA₁₀₆(wherein A₁₀₆ is the C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group), and the term “C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group” as used herein indicates —SA₁₀₇ (wherein A₁₀₇ isthe C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group).

The term “C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group” as used herein refers to-A₁₀₈A₁₀₉ (A₁₀₉ is a C₁-C₅₉ heteroaryl group, and A₁₀₈ is a C₁-C₅₉alkylene group).

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as usedherein refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensedand only carbon atoms (for example, the number of carbon atoms may be ina range of 8 to 60) as ring-forming atoms, wherein the molecularstructure as a whole is non-aromatic. Examples of the non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group include a fluorenyl group. The term “divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as used herein refers to adivalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” asused herein refers to a monovalent group having at least two ringscondensed and a heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si and S as well ascarbon atoms (for example, the number of carbon atoms may be in a rangeof 2 to 60) as ring-forming atoms, wherein the molecular structure as awhole is non-aromatic. Examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group include a carbazolyl group. The term “divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” as used herein refers toa divalent group having substantially the same structure as themonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

At least one substituent of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group,substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group,substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group,substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substitutedC₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substitutedC₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, orC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and—B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxygroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxygroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclicgroup, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); or

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), or —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇),

wherein Q₁ to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ may eachindependently be hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthiogroup, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group.

The term “room temperature” as used herein refers to a temperature ofabout 25° C.

Hereinafter, a compound and an organic light-emitting device accordingto an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to SynthesisExamples and Examples, however, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. The wording “B was used instead of A” used in describingSynthesis Examples means that an amount of B used was identical to anamount of A used in terms of molar equivalents.

EXAMPLES Evaluation Example 1

Referring to the methods shown in Table 1, T1, S1, E_(ox), E*_(ox),E_(red), and E*_(red) of Compounds PD79 to PD84, Compounds PD300 toPD303, and Compound A2 were evaluated. The results thereof are shown inTable 2.

Referring to Table 2, a value of E*_(ox) of each of Compounds PD79 toPD84 and PD300 to PD303 is equal to a value of E_(ox)−T1 of thecorresponding compound. A value of E*_(ox) of Compound A2 is equal to avalue of E_(ox)−S1 of Compound A2. A value of E*_(red) of each ofCompounds PD79 to PD84 and PD300 to PD303 is equal to a value ofE_(red)+T1 of the corresponding compound. A value of E*_(red) ofCompound A2 is equal to a value of E_(red)+S1 of Compound A2.

TABLE 1 T1 energy level A mixture of 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF)and each compound evaluation (in which each compound was dissolved in 3milliliters (mL) of 2-MeTHF method at a concentration of 10 micromolar,μM) was loaded into a quartz cell. Subsequently, the resulting quartzcell was loaded into a cryostat (available from Oxford Instruments, DN)including liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 77 Kelvins (K). Afluorescence spectrum thereof was measured by using a spectrofluorometer(available from PTI, QuantaMaster 400). A T1 energy level was calculatedfrom the start wavelength of the short-wavelength side. S1 energy levelA mixture of 2-MeTHF and each compound (in which each compoundevaluation was dissolved in 3 mL of 2-MeTHF at a concentration of 10 μM)was method loaded into a quartz cell. A fluorescence spectrum thereofwas measured at room temperature by using a spectrofluorometer(available from PTI, QuantaMaster 400). An S1 energy level wascalculated from the start wavelength of the short-wavelength side.E_(ox) evaluation A potential (Volts, V) versus current (Amperes, A)graph of each method compound was obtained by using cyclic voltammetry(CHI630B available from CH Instruments, electrolyte: 0.1 molar (M)Bu₄NPF₆/ solvent: CH₂Cl₂/electrode: 3-electrode system (workingelectrode: Pt disc (1 mm diameter), reference electrode: Pt wire, andauxiliary electrode: Pt wire)). Subsequently, E_(ox) was calculated.E_(red) evaluation A potential (V) versus current (A) graph of eachcompound was obtained method by using differential pulse voltammetry(DPV, CHI630B available from CH Instruments, electrolyte: 0.1MBu₄NPF₆/solvent: CH₂Cl₂/electrode: 3-electrode system (workingelectrode: Pt disc (1 mm diameter), reference electrode: Pt wire, andauxiliary electrode: Pt wire)). Subsequently, E_(ox) was calculated.

TABLE 2 T1 S1 E _(ox) E^(*) _(ox) E _(red) E^(*) _(red) Compound No.(eV) (eV) (eV) (eV) (eV) (eV) PD79 2.68 — 0.94 −1.74 −1.67 1.01 PD802.72 — 0.87 −1.85 −1.77 0.95 A2 — 2.86 1.23 −1.63 −1.65 1.21 PD81 2.59 —1.18 −1.41 −1.83 0.76 PD82 2.68 — 0.97 −1.71 — — PD83 2.59 — 0.88 −1.71— — PD84 2.86 — 0.96 −1.90 −1.21 1.65 PD300 2.97 — 1.86 −1.11 −1.13 1.84PD301 2.90 — 1.02 −1.88 −1.14 1.76 PD302 2.81 — 0.80 −2.01 −1.12 1.69PD303 2.81 — 2.24 −0.57 −1.10 1.71

Based on Table 2, it was identified whether Conditions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-1,and 6-1 were satisfied in Combinations 1 to 10. The results thereof areshown in Tables 3 and 4.

TABLE 3 Combination Condi- Condi- Condi- Condi- No. Host Dopant tion 1tion 2 tion 3 tion 4 Combination 1 A2 PD79 X ◯ X ◯ Combination 2 A2 PD80X ◯ X ◯ Combination 3 A2 PD81 ◯ ◯ X ◯ Combination 4 A2 PD82 X N/A X N/ACombination 5 A2 PD83 X N/A X N/A Combination 6 A2 PD84 X X X XCombination 7 A2 PD300 ◯ X ◯ X Combination 8 A2 PD301 X X X XCombination 9 A2 PD302 X X X X Combination 10 A2 PD303 ◯ X ◯ X

TABLE 4 Combination T1_(dopant) − | E_(red, host) − | E_(red, dopant) −T1_(dopant) + Condition Condition No. Host Dopant 0.4 eV E_(ox, dopant)| E_(ox, host) | 0.3 eV 5-1 6-1 Combination 1 A2 PD79 2.28 2.59 2.9 2.98◯ ◯ Combination 2 A2 PD80 2.32 2.52 3 3.02 ◯ ◯ Combination 3 A2 PD812.19 2.83 3.06 2.89 ◯ X Combination 4 A2 PD82 2.28 2.62 N/A 2.98 ◯ N/ACombination 5 A2 PD83 2.19 2.53 N/A 2.89 ◯ N/A Combination 6 A2 PD842.46 2.61 2.44 3.16 ◯ X Combination 7 A2 PD300 2.57 3.51 2.36 3.27 X XCombination 8 A2 PD301 2.50 2.67 2.37 3.20 ◯ X Combination 9 A2 PD3022.41 2.45 2.35 3.11 ◯ X Combination 10 A2 PD303 2.41 3.89 2.33 3.11 X X

“O” indicates that the combination satisfied the condition.

“X” indicates that the combination did not satisfy the condition.

“N/A” indicates that an evaluation could not be made because ameasurement was not available.

Example 1

As an anode, a glass substrate having an ITO electrode thereon was cutto a size of 50 millimeters (mm)×50 mm×0.5 mm. Then the glass substratewas sonicated in acetone iso-propyl alcohol and pure water for about 15minutes in each solvent, and cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays andozone for 30 minutes.

Compounds HT3 and HP-1 (in which a concentration of Compound HP-1 was 3percent by weight (wt%)) were co-deposited on the anode to form a holeinjection layer having a thickness of 100 Angstroms (Å). Compound HT3was deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole transportlayer. mCP was deposited on the hole transport layer to form an electronblocking layer having a thickness of 100 Å, thereby forming a holetransport region having a thickness of 1,700 Å.

Compound A2 (as a host) and Compound PD79 (as a dopant) wereco-deposited on the hole transport region at a weight ratio of 9:1,thereby forming an emission layer having a thickness of 400 Å.

Compound A4 was vacuum-deposited on the emission layer to form a holeblocking layer having a thickness of 100 Å. Compound ET17 and LiQ wereco-deposited on the hole blocking layer at a weight ratio of 5:5 to forman electron transport layer having a thickness of 360 Å. LiQ wasdeposited on the electron transport layer to form an electron injectionlayer having a thickness of 5 Å. Aluminum (Al) was deposited on theelectron injection layer to form a layer of aluminum having a thicknessof 120 Å, thereby completing the manufacture of an organiclight-emitting device.

Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in substantially thesame manner as in Example 1, except that the host and the dopant shownin Table 5 were used in the formation of an emission layer.

Evaluation Example 2

Relative lifespan (T₉₅) characteristics of the organic light-emittingdevices manufactured in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2were measured by using a current voltmeter (Keithley 2400) and aluminance meter (Minolta Cs-1000A). The evaluation results are shown inTable 5. In Table 5, the relative lifespan (T₉₅) represents lifespandata evaluating a period taken for the luminance (at 500 nit) to reach95% with respect to 100% of the initial luminance.

TABLE 5 Weight Relative ratio of host lifespan (T₉₅) Host Dopant todopant (percent, %) Example 1 A2 PD79 9:1 231% (Combination 1) Example 2A2 PD80 9:1 100% (Combination 2) Example 3 A2 PD81 9:1 77% (Combination3) Comparative A2 PD84 9:1 <1% Example 1 (Combination 6) Comparative A2PD301 9:1 <1% Example 2 (Combination 8) Comparative A2 PD302 9:1 <1%Example 3 (Combination 9)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Referring to the results of Table 5, it was found that the organiclight-emitting device of Examples 1 to 3 have long lifespancharacteristics, as compared with the organic light-emitting devices ofComparative Examples 1 to 3.

As apparent from the foregoing description, an organic light-emittingdevice, according to one or more embodiments, may include a host and adopant satisfying the aforementioned conditions so as to have a longlifespan.

It should be understood that embodiments described herein should beconsidered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodimentshould typically be considered as available for other similar featuresor aspects in other embodiments.

While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to thefigures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the artthat various changes in form and details may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as definedby the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising: afirst electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and anorganic layer disposed between the first electrode and the secondelectrode, wherein the organic layer includes an emission layer, whereinthe emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, 1) the dopantcomprises a phosphorescent dopant, and i) Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 areall satisfied; ii) when Conditions 1 and 4 are satisfied and at leastone of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Condition 5-1 is satisfied;iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is not satisfied andConditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-1 is satisfied; or iv)when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is not satisfied and at leastone of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied, Conditions 5-1 and 6-1 areboth satisfied, or 2) the dopant comprises a fluorescent dopant, and i)Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all satisfied; ii) when Conditions 1 and 4are satisfied and at least one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied,Condition 5-2 is satisfied; iii) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4is not satisfied and Conditions 2 and 3 are satisfied, Condition 6-2 issatisfied; or iv) when at least one of Conditions 1 and 4 is notsatisfied and at least one of Conditions 2 and 3 is not satisfied,Conditions 5-2 and 6-2 are both satisfied:E* _(ox,dopant) ≥E _(red,host)   Condition 1E* _(red,dopant) ≤E _(ox,host)   Condition 2E _(ox,dopant) ≥E* _(red,host)   Condition 3E _(red,dopant) ≤E* _(ox,host)   Condition 4T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-1T1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<T1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-1S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,host) −E _(ox,dopant) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 5-2S1_(dopant)−0.4 eV<|E _(red,dopant) −E _(ox,host) |<S1_(dopant)+0.3 eV  Condition 6-2 wherein, “E*_(ox,dopant)” represents an excited-stateoxidation potential (eV) of the dopant, “E*_(red,dopant)” represents anexcited-state reduction potential (eV) of the dopant, “E_(ox,dopant)”represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) of the dopant,“E_(red,dopant)” represents a ground-state reduction potential (eV) ofthe dopant, “E*_(red,host)” represents an excited-state reductionpotential (eV) of the host, “E_(ox,host)” represents an excited-stateoxidation potential (eV) of the host, “E_(red,host)” represents aground-state reduction potential (eV) of the host, “E_(ox,host)”represents a ground-state oxidation potential (eV) of the host,E*_(ox,dopant) is identical to E_(ox,dopant)−T 1_(dopant),E*_(red,dopant) is identical to E_(red,dopant)+T1_(dopant), E*_(ox,host)is identical to E_(ox,host)−S1_(host), E*_(red,host) is identical toE_(red,host)+S1_(host), “T1_(dopant)” represents the lowest tripletenergy level (eV) of the dopant, “S1_(dopant)” represents the lowestsinglet energy level (eV) of the dopant, “S1_(host)” representsthelowest singlet energy level (eV) of the host, E_(ox,dopant) andE_(ox,host) are measured by using cyclic voltammetry (CV),E_(red,dopant) and E_(red,host) are measured by using differential pulsevoltammetry, T1_(dopant) and S1_(dopant) are calculated from aphotoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the dopant in solution, and S1_(host)is calculated from a PL spectrum of the host in solution, wherein “eV”denotes “electron volts”.
 2. The organic light-emitting device of claim1, wherein the dopant comprises the phosphorescent dopant, Conditions 1and 3 are not satisfied, and Conditions 2, 4, 5-1, and 6-1 aresatisfied.
 3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein thedopant comprises the phosphorescent dopant, Conditions 3 and 6-1 are notsatisfied, and Conditions 1, 2, 4, and 5-1 are satisfied.
 4. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the host comprises i) at leastone donor compound, ii) at least one acceptor compound, or iii) acombination of at least one donor compound and at least one acceptorcompound, wherein the acceptor compound comprises acompound including atleast one electron withdrawing group, wherein the electron withdrawinggroup is selected from: —F, —CFH₂, —CF₂H, —CF₃, —CN, and —NO₂; a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group substituted with at least one selected from —F, —CFH₂,—CF₂H, —CF₃, —CN, and —NO₂; a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic heterocyclic group, each including*═N—*′ as a ring-forming moiety; and a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic heterocyclic group, eachincluding *═N—*′ as a ring-forming moiety and each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —CFH₂, —CF₂H, —CF₃, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group.
 5. The organic light-emitting device of claim 4,wherein the acceptor compound comprises a compound represented byFormula A-1, a compound represented by Formula A-2, or any combinationthereof:

wherein, in Formulae A-1, A-2, 13 and 14, Ar₁₁ and Ar12 are eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 13 and 14, X₁is N or C(T₁₄), X₂ is N or C(T₁₅), and X₃ is N or C(T₁₆), provided thatat least one of X₁ to X₃ is N, L₁₁ to L₁₃ are each independentlyselected from: a single bond, a phenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrimidinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, atriazinylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, acarbazolylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, and adibenzothiophenylene group; and a phenylene group, a pyridinylene group,a pyrimidinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, atriazinylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, acarbazolylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, and adibenzothiophenylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, aphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a cyano group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), a11 to a13 are each independently an integerselected from 0 to 5; when a11 is 2 or greater, at least two L₁₁ groupsare identical to or different from each other; when a12 is 2 or greater,at least two L₁₂ groups are identical to or different from each other;and when a13 is 2 or greater, at least two L₁₃ groups are identical toor different from each other, CY₃ and CY₄ are each independentlyselected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, acarbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, an indolocarbazole group, adibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group, A₂ is selected from: asingle bond, a C₁-C₄ alkylene group, and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group; and aC₁-C₄ alkylene group and a C₂-C₄ alkenylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, and —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃), T₁₁ to T_(16,) R₂, R₃₀, and R₄₀ are eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group (CN), a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), b3 and b4 are eachindependently an integer selected from 0 to 10, and at least onesubstituent of the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group,substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C6⁻C60 arylgroup, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthiogroup, substituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group,substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, andsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group isselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, aC₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclicgroup, and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), wherein Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q_(13,) Q₂₁ toQ_(23,) and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C3-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.
 6. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 5, wherein Ar₁₁ and Ar12 are eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 13-1 to 13-8and 14-1 to 14-8:

wherein, in Formulae 13-1 to 13-8 and 14-1 to 14-8, X₁₂ and X₁₄ are eachindependently selected from C(R₃₇)(R₃₈), N(R₃₉), O, and S, R₂ and A₂ arethe same as those defined in claim 5, R₃₁ to R₃₉ are each independentlythe same as R₃₀ defined in claim 5, R₄₁ to R₄₄ are each independentlythe same as R₄₀ defined in claim 5, and *indicates a binding site to anadjacent atom.
 7. The organic light-emitting device of claim 5, whereinAr₁₁ and Ar12 are each independently selected from groups represented byFormulae 17-1 to 17-3:

wherein, in Formulae 17-1 to 17-3, R₃₀ and R₄₀ are each independentlyselected from: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,—CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂; a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,—CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), wherein Q₁ toQ₃ are each independently selected from hydrogen, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
 8. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 5, wherein L₁₁ to L₁₃ are eachindependently selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-56,provided that i) at least one L₁₁ in the number of a11, ii) at least oneL₁₂ in the number of a12, and iii) at least one L₁₃ in the number of a13are each independently selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-15to 3-56:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-56, Y₁ is selected from O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄),and N(X₅), Z₁ to Z₅ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group,a phenyl group substituted with a cyano group, a naphthyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃),wherein Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ are each independently selected from hydrogen, aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, d4 is aninteger selected from 0 to 4, d3 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, d2is an integer selected from 0 to 2, and *and*′ each indicate a bindingsite to an adjacent atom.
 9. The organic light-emitting device of claim5, wherein groups represented by *-(L₁₁)_(a11)-*′, *-(L₁₂)_(a12)-*′, and*-(L₁₃)_(a13)-*′ are selected from groups represented by Formulae 4-1 to4-39:

wherein, in Formulae 4-1 to 4-39, X₂₁ is N or C(Z₂₁), X₂₂ is N orC(Z₂₂), X₂₃ is N or C(Z₂₃), X₂₄ is N or C(Z₂₄), X₃₁ is N or C(Z₃₁), X₃₂is N or C(Z₃₂), X₃₃ is N or C(Z₃₃), X₃₄ is N or C(Z₃₄), X₄₁ is N orC(Z₄₁), X₄₂ is N or C(Z₄₂), X₄₃ is N or C(Z₄₃), and X₄₄ is N or C(Z₄₄),provided that at least one of X₂₁ to X₂₄ is not N, at least one of X₃₁to X₃₄ is not N, and at least one of X₄₁ to X₄₄ is not N, Z₂₁ to Z₂₄,Z₃₁ to Z₃₄, and Z₄₁ to Z₄₄ are each independently selected fromhydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, aphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a cyano group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), wherein Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ are each independently selectedfrom hydrogen, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, and *and*′ each indicate a binding site to anadjacent atom.
 10. The organic light-emitting device of claim 5, whereini) the acceptor compound is represented by Formula A-1 in which Ar₁₁ andAr₁₂ are each independently selected from groups represented by Formulae17-1 to 17-3, and at least one of Ar₁₁ and Ar₁₂ is selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 17-2 and 17-3; ii) the acceptor compound isrepresented by Formula A-1 in which L₁₁ is selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 3-15 and 3-28, and at least one L₁₁ in thenumber of a11 is selected from groups represented by Formulae 6-1 to6-4; or iii) the acceptor compound is represented by Formula A-2 inwhich Xi to X₃ are each N:

wherein, in Formula 17-1 to 17-3, 3-15, 3-28, and 6-1 to 6-4, R₃₀ andR₄₀ are each independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, and —CFH₂; a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; a phenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group,an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylicacid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), Z₁ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a phenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a cyano group, a naphthyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, and —Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), d4 is an integerselected from 0 to 4, t1 is 1 or 2, wherein Q₁ to Q₃ and Q₁₁ to Q₁₃ areeach independently selected from hydrogen, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group, and *and*′each indicate a binding site to an adjacent atom.
 11. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the host comprises at leastone selected from Compounds A1 to A11:


12. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the dopantcomprises the phosphorescent dopant.
 13. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 1, wherein the dopant comprises an organometalliccompound represented by Formula 81:

wherein, in Formulae 81 and 81A, M is selected from iridium (Ir),platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf),europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), and rhodium (Rh), L₈₁ is aligand represented by Formula 81A, n81 is an integer selected from 1 to3; when n81 is 2 or greater, at least two L₈₁ groups are identical to ordifferent from each other, L₈₂ is an organic ligand, n82 is an integerselected from 0 to 4; when n82 is 2 or greater, at least two L₈₂ groupsare identical to or different from each other, Y₈₁ to Y₈₄ are eachindependently carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), Y₈₁ and Y₈₂ are bound via asingle bond or a double bond, Y₈₃ and Y₈₄ are bound via a single bond ora double bond, CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ are each independently selected from aC₅-C₃₀ carbocyclic group and a C₁-C₃₀ heterocyclic group, CY₈₁ and CY₈₂are optionally and additionally bound via an organic linking group, R₈₁to R₈₅ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, —SF₅, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₈₁)(Q₈₂)(Q₈₃), —N(Q₈₄)(Q₈₅), —B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇), and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉),a81 to a83 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 5, whena81 is 2 or greater, at least two R₈₁ groups are identical to ordifferent from each other, when a82 is 2 or greater, at least two R₈₂groups are identical to or different from each other, when a81 is 2 orgreater, R₈₁ groups that are adjacent to each other are optionally boundto form a saturated or unsaturated ring, when a82 is 2 or greater, R₈₂groups that are adjacent to each other are optionally bound to form asaturated or unsaturated ring, in Formula 81A, *and*′ each indicate abinding site to M in Formula 81, and at least one substituent of thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group,substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, substitutedC₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, substitutedC₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, substitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryloxy group, substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group,substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylalkyl group, substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and substituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₇-C₆₀ arylalkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryloxy group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroarylalkyl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and—Si(Q₉₁)(Q₉₂)(Q₉₃), wherein Q₈₁ to Q₈₉ and Q₉₁ to Q₉₃ are eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.
 14. Theorganic light-emitting device claim 13, wherein Y₈₁ is N, Y₈₂ and Y83are each C, Y₈₄ is N or C, and CY₈₁ and CY₈₂ are each independentlyselected from a cyclopentadiene group, a benzene group, a heptalenegroup, an indene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, anindacene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentacene group, a hexacene group, a pentaphene group, a rubicene group,a coronene group, an ovalene group, a pyrrole group, an isoindole group,an indole group, an indazole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazolegroup, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, anoxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazolegroup, a purine group, a furan group, a thiophene group, a pyridinegroup, a pyrimidine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, abenzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, aquinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, aphenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, aphenazine group, a benzimidazole group, a benzofuran group, abenzothiophene group, an iso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group,an isobenzoxazole group, a benzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazolegroup, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene sulfonegroup, a carbazole group, a dibenzosilole group, a2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole group, and a 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazopyrazinegroup.
 15. The organic light-emitting device claim 13, wherein, inFormula 81A, Y₈₁, Y₈₃, and Y₈₄ are each C, Y₈₂ is N, CY₈₁ is selectedfrom a) a condensed ring in which i) a 5-membered ring including atleast one N as a ring-forming atom is condensed with ii) a 6-memberedring selected from a benzene group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group,a pyrimidine group, and a pyridazine group; and b) a 5-membered ringincluding at least one N as a ring-forming atom, and CY₈₂ is selectedfrom a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, adibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a pyridine group, apyrimidine group, a quinoline group, and an isoquinoline group.
 16. Theorganic light-emitting device claim 13, wherein R₈₁ and R₈₂ are eachindependently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, —SF₅, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,—CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃, —CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a pyridinyl group, and a pyrimidinyl group; a cyclopentyl group,a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, anadamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, anadamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinylgroup, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group,an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD₃, —CD₂H, —CDH₂, —CF₃,—CF₂H, —CFH₂, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a cycloheptenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group; and —B(Q₈₆)(Q₈₇) and —P(═O)(Q₈₈)(Q₈₉), whereinQ₈₆ to Q₈₉ are each independently selected from —CH₃, —CD₃, —CD₂H,—CDH₂, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CD₃, —CH₂CD₂H, —CH₂CDH₂, —CHDCH₃, —CHDCD₂H,—CHDCDH₂, —CHDCD₃, —CD₂CD₃, —CD₂CD₂H, and —CD₂CDH₂; an n-propyl group,an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butylgroup, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, asec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthylgroup; and an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, aniso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentylgroup, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, aphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, and a phenyl group. 17.The organic light-emitting device claim 13, wherein, in Formula 81A, atleast one R₈₁ in the number of a81, at least one R₈₂ in the number ofa82, or any combination thereof is a cyano group.
 18. The organiclight-emitting device claim 13, wherein, in Formula 81, L₈₁ is selectedfrom ligands represented by Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8:

wherein, in Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8, CY₈₂, R₈₂, a82, *, and *′ are thesame as those defined in claim 13, and R_(81a), R_(81b), and R_(81c) areeach the same as R₈₁ as defined in claim
 13. 19. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 18, wherein, in Formulae 81A-1 to 81A-8,CY₈₂ is selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorenegroup, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a pyridine group,a pyrimidine group, a quinoline group, and an isoquinoline group. 20.The organic light-emitting device of claim 18, wherein, in Formulae81A-1 to 81A-8, at least one of R_(81a), R_(81b), R_(81c), and R₈₂ inthe number of a82 is each a cyano group.
 21. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 1, wherein, the dopant is selected from followingcompounds: